Wall construction



H. A. BAUMHOVER WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed May 6, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Patented pr. i7, 1923.

NtTEDE STATES natale? enterar aw Fie ma o WAIL CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed Ifay 6, 1922. Serial No. 558,915.

i To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known thatv I, HERBERT A. BAUM- HovER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dubuque, in the county of Dubuque and State of Iowa, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Wall Constructions, of which the following is a specieation, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to improvements in Wall constructions and more particularly to an insulated wall for use in dwellings and the like.

An important object of the invention is to provide a wall construction embodying a pair of spaced w-all elements having` disposed therebetween an insulating material such as straw or'the like, the space containing the insulating material being completely enclosed by a cementitious coating so as to exclude air therefrom.

In the construction of walls of this character the main difficulties met with are that in employing an insulating materi-al such as straw, shavings or the like which are the only practical mediums which may be employed at the present time from a point of cost, the insulating medium is subject to the attack of rodents and fire. Accordingly an important object of this invention further becomes to completely protect the insulating medium from fire and from the attacks of rodents.- j

A still further object of the invention is to provide a double wall of this character which may be very lightly constructed so that its entire weight when completed is but slightly heavier than the ordinary double wall structure andwhich is far less expensive and lighter than walls constructed by the use of brick and tile. j

These and other objects I attain by the construction and arrangement shown in the accompanying drawings wherein for the purpose of illustration is shown a preferred embodiment of my invention and wherein like reference characters designate like parts throughout. A

In the drawings: A

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the inner face of a wall constructed in accordance with my invention, parts being broken away;

Figure 2 is a similar View of the .Outer face;

Figure 3 is a section on the line 3 3 of Figure l;

Figure 4 is a section on the line A--Ll of Figure l;

Figure 5 is a section on the line 5--5 of Figure 1; and

Figure 6 is a section on the line 6 6 of Figure 1.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, the wall consists of inner and outer walls 10 and 11, each comprising a sill 12, studding 13, and a plate 14.-. These walls may be formed of very light material, such as 2 X 2 or 2 X 3 studs, as the combined strength of the two walls is sutilcient or more than sulicient to support the weight of, an ordinary residence roof and upper stories. Floor beams 15 for supporting upper stories will have their ends secured to the studs of both the inner and outer walls, and before being so secured are covered with wire mesh 16 to prevent attacks thereon by rodents. In attaching these joists, where the application of the usual ribbon (not herein shown) is found impracticable, chairs 17 maybe provided for this purpose. These joists being attached to each of the walls tend to hold the walls in the proper spaced relation and to further assist in such spacing and bracing, the stmilding of the walls are connected at spaced intervals by braces 18 having their ends secured to the faces of corresponding studs of the wall. To further stiften and rigidity the walls, each wall has applied t0 its inner surface or that surface thereof next adjacent the other wall, braces 19, some of which will extend diagonally and some of which will extend longitudinally of the wall, which braces are secured to each of the studs at their points of contact therewith, the diagonal braces having at least one end thereof secured to the sill 12 or plate 14.

Secured to adjacent faces of the Walls and extending longitudinally of the walls at spaced intervals, are wires or rods 20 combining to form between the walls a space 21 for the reception of an insulating medium, such as straw, which is preferably highly compressed in placing the same in position. The inner face of the inner Wall 10 h-as secured to the inner faces of the studding vertical furl-ing strips 22 of metalv against which is applied metal lath 23, the upper and lower ends of which are bent over and secured to the sills and plates so as to fully cover the outer corners thereof. To permit of this application of the metal lath to the sills, spacing elements :2l are inserted between the sills l2 and the foundation 25, these elements being formed of metal so that they are in themselves fireproof. This spacing is sufficient to permit of a coating of cementitious material upon the under surface of the Wire and a coating thereof `is preferably applied to the lupper surface of the wire of the plate. A cevmentitious coating is further applied to the portion of the lath covering the upper end ofthe completed wall and to the inner face of the wall. The outer face of the outer wall may likewise have the studding therevof. provided with furring strips if so desired, `and metal lath may be employed for `covering this wall, subsequently to which the wall is coated with cement and given either a smooth or ypebble-dash finish, `as may be desired. The use of metal lath upon the exterior wall is arbitrary, since ordinary wooden lath may be employed for the purpose of holding the cement coa-ting and pebble-dash if so desired.V

It will be noted that with a wall constructed as above described, there is a complete coating of cement surrounding the outer faces, topy and bottom of the inner and outer walls, forming between the walls closed or tight air space which is in itself heat insulation. It will be further noted that the insulating medium is spaced from the `wall face proper and that no air is admitted so that even were the insulating medium highly heated, the chances of the same bursting into flame are reduced to a minimum. Attention is further directed to the fact 'that the furring strips applied on the inner face of the inner wall spaces the metal lath from the inner faces of the studding' thereof and accordingly the. conduction of heat lto the ysftudding in the ease of intense heat being .applied to the inner face of the inner'wall proper is accordingly reduced. All angles of the wall being protected by theV metal lath against thei attacks of rodents,

the possibility of a rodent working his way into the insulating medium to nest therein is impossible. "Vialls constructed in accordance with this invention have been `found to be from 100% ,to 125% warmer than the ordinary wall employed in frame house con- Y, struction and may be produced at substantially V'the saine const. lThese tests have Aliliewisesleown that ,the fire hazard with a wall of this construction substantially negligible. In-order to furthery `reduce the lire hazard, yerticallly disposed :tire stops 26 are provided connecting the inner and outer wall sections at spaced intervals. These fire stops connect with the cementitious coating of the walls and are preferably formed by providing expanded metal lath `partit-ions and coating these partitions with cement.

Frein the foregoing it is believed to be obvious .that a Wall constructed in accordance with my invention is particularly well adapted for use in that it provides for use of an insulating medium and for the protection of this insulating medium not only against iire but against the attacks of rodents. lt will furthermore be obvious that the `construction as hereinbcfore set forth is capable of some change and modification without materially departing from the spirit of my invention and l accordingly do not limit myself thereto `except as 'hereinafter claimed.

l claim: Y

l, A wall comprising spaced inner and outer wall sections', an insulating medium disposed intermediate said Vinner and outer wall sections, and a continuous cementitious coating applied .to the outer faces, top and bottom of said wall structure and completely enclosing said wall sections Iand the space therebetween.

2. A wall comprising inner and outer wall sections each embodying a sill, a plate, and studs connecting the sill and plate, combined bracing and spacing lmembers connecting the wall sections, 4members secured to the adjacent faces of the wall sections and combining therewith to form between the wall sections an insulating medium receiving space, coating supports secured to the outer surfaces of the wallsections, and a ,coating applied to such coating supports, .the coating supports of the inner wafll being extended at the top and bottom thereof to cover the plates and sills of both of said wall sections and having a coating applied thereto.

3. In a wall, spaced inner `and outer wall sections, a supporting foundation, elements supporting the wall sections and spacing the same from the foundation, and a cementitious coating covering the outerpfaces and connecting the tops and bottoms of the wall sections 'to provide therebetween al closed space, the coating passing beneath the outer and inner wall sections throughthe space formed between the walll sections the foundation by said elements.

` il, A wall comprising inner and outer wall sections each embodying` a plate, a sill, and

studs Iconnecting the Vplate and sill, furring strips secured to the inner facesof the studs of the inner wall section, laths secured to said furring strips, a coatingy applied to said laths, said laths being extended tol connect the plates of the innerand outer walls and having a cementitious coating applied thereto, and a cementitious coating applied to the outer face of the outer wall whereby a continuous ceinenttious coa-ting is applied to the top, bottom and sides of the completed Wall and encloses the Space between the inner' ancl outer Wall sections. Y

5. A Wall comprising;A innei` and outer Wall sections, metal lath secured to Said inner and outer Wall sections and connecting the top and bottom Walls thereof, a coating apln testimony whereof I hereunto aliX my signature.

HERBERT A. BAUMHOVER. 

